Clonazepam, commonly known by the brand name Klonopin, is a medication belonging to the benzodiazepine class. It is primarily used to treat seizure disorders, including epilepsy, as well as panic disorders and certain types of anxiety. Clonazepam functions by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain that helps to calm neuronal activity. This results in its anti-seizure, anxiolytic, and sedative effects.

Dosage, clonazepam is typically administered in varying amounts based on the condition being treated, the patient's age, and their response to the medication. For seizure disorders, the initial dose for adults is usually 0.5 mg three times a day. The dosage may be gradually increased to a maximum of 20 mg per day, depending on the patient's response and tolerance. For panic disorder, the starting dose is generally 0.25 mg twice a day, which may be increased to a target dose of 1 mg per day, administered in divided doses. In elderly patients or those with liver impairment, lower doses are often recommended to reduce the risk of sedation and other adverse effects.