Ativan, known generically as lorazepam, is a medication belonging to the benzodiazepine class. It is primarily used to treat anxiety disorders, but it also has applications in managing acute agitation, insomnia, and seizures. Lorazepam works by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a neurotransmitter in the brain that induces calming effects, thereby reducing anxiety and producing sedation.

dosage of Ativan varies depending on the condition being treated, the patient's age, and individual response to the medication. For anxiety, the typical starting dose for adults is 2 to 3 mg per day, divided into two or three doses. In elderly patients or those with liver impairment, the dosage is usually lower to reduce the risk of excessive sedation and other side effects. For insomnia, a single dose of 2 to 4 mg is typically taken at bedtime. When used as a preoperative sedative, a dose of 2 to 4 mg is administered 1 to 2 hours before the procedure. It is important to follow the prescribed dosage and administration schedule closely to minimize the risk of dependence and adverse effects.